Animal Cell Model Diagram Project Parts Structure Labeled Coloring and Plant Cell Organelles Cake: Animal Cell Vocabulary Animal Cell Model Diagram Project Parts Structure Labeled Coloring and Plant Cell Organelles Cake

Monday, March 17, 2014

Animal Cell Vocabulary Animal Cell Model Diagram Project Parts Structure Labeled Coloring and Plant Cell Organelles Cake

Animal Cell Vocabulary Biography

Source:- Google.com.pk

Prokaryotes organisms that lack a membrane-bound nucleus and membrane-bound organelles 

Eukaryotes organisms made up of one or more cells that have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles 

Plasma Membrane thin flexible barrier that regulates what enters and exits the cell; composed of two layers of lipids 

Nuclear Membrane A highly-porous membrane that separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm 

Nuclear lamina a netlike array of protein filaments lining the inner surface of the nuclear envelope; it helps maintain the shape of the nucleus. 

Nucleolus The organelle where ribosomes are made, synthesized and partially assembled, located in the nucleus 

Nucleoid Region The region in a prokaryotic cell consisting of a concentrated mass of DNA. 

Ribosome small particle in the cell on which proteins are assembled; made of RNA and protein 

Endoplasmic reticulum a cell structure that forms a maze of passageways in which proteins and other materials are carried from one part of the cell to another 

Chromosomes threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes 

Chromatin the readily stainable substance of a cell nucleus consisting of DNA and RNA and various proteins 

Golgi Apparatus stack of membranes in the cell that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum 

Lysosome membrane-bound sac containing digestive enzymes that can break down proteins, nucleic acids, and polysaccharides 

Vacuoles saclike structures that store materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates 

Tonoplast A membrane that encloses the central vacuole in a plant cell, separating the cytosol from the vacuolar contents, called cell sap; also known as the vacuolar membrane. 

Peroxisome A microbody containing enzymes that transfer hydrogen from various substrates to oxygen, producing and then degrading hydrogen peroxide. 

Mitochondria Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production 

Chloroplast organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy 

Plastids organelles that are surrounded by a double membrane and contain their own DNA 

Microtubules hollow tubes of protein about 25 nanometers in diameter, support the cell and moves organelles within the cell 

Intermediate Filaments range from 7-11nm in diameter, and strengthen the cell and help maintain its shape, stabilize the positions of organelles, and stabilize the position of the cell with respect to surrounding cells through specialized attachment to the cell membrane 

Microfiilaments thinner, solid rods of preoteins called....enable teh cell to move or change shape when the protein subunits 

Cilia short structures projecting from a cell and containing bundles of microtubules that move a cell through its surroundings or move fluid over the cell's surface 

Flagella long, thin, whip-like structures, with a core of microtubules, that enable some cells to move 

Cel wall the rigid outermost cell layer found in plants and certain algae, bacteria, and fungi but characteristically absent from animal cells 

plasmodesmata Open channels in the cell wall of a plant through which strands of cytosol connect from an adjacent cell. 

tight junction A type of intercellular junction in animal cells that prevents the leakage of material between cells. 

gap junction A type of intercellular junction in animal cells that allows the passage of material or current between cells. 

desmosome A type of intercellular junction in animal cells that functions as an anchor. 

diffusion process by which molecules tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated 

Osmosis diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane 

water potential the physical property predicting the direction in which water will flow, governed by solute concentration and applied pressure. 

integral protein A protein imbedded in the bilayer of the cell membrane 

fluid mosaic model The currently accepted model of cell membrane structure, which envisions the membrane as a mosaic of individually inserted protein molecules drifting laterally in a fluid bilayer of phospholipids. 

cholesterol a type of fat made by the body from saturated fat; a minor part of fat in foods 

transport protein a protein located in the cell membrane that helps move specific substances in and out of the cell 

passive transport transport of a substance across a cell membrane by diffusion 

active transport transport of a substance (as a protein or drug) across a cell membrane against the concentration gradient 

dialysis separation of substances in solution by means of their unequal diffusion through semipermeable membranes 

hypertonic (of a solution) having a higher osmotic pressure than a comparison solution 

hypotonic (of a solution) having a lower osmotic pressure than a comparison solution 

isotonic (used of solutions) having the same or equal osmotic pressure 

facilitated diffusion the transport of substances through a cell membrane along a concentration gradient with the aid of carrier proteins 

membrane potential The charge difference between a cell's cytoplasm and the extracellular fluid, due to the differential distribution of ions. Membrane potential affects the activity of excitable cells and the transmembrane movement of all charged substances. 

cotransport The coupling of the "downhill" diffusion of one substance to the "uphill" transport of another against its own concentration gradient. 

exocytosis the process by which a substance is released from the cell through a vesicle that transports the substance to the cell surface and then fuses with the membrane to let the substance out 

endocytosis the process by which a cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses the particle in a vesicle to bring the particle into the cell 

pinocytosis process by which a cell takes in liquid from the surrounding environment 

phagocytosis process in which phagocytes engulf and digest microorganisms and cellular debris 

aquaporins a transport protein in the plasma membrane of a plant or animal cell that specifically facilitates the diffusion of water across the membrane 

cytosol the aqueous part of the cytoplasm within which various particles and organelles are suspended 

transport vesicles A tiny membranous sac in a cell's cytoplasm carrying molecules produced by the cell. 

extracellular matrix The substance in which animal tissue cells are embedded, consisting of protein and polysaccharides. 

glycoproteins a protein covalently attached to a carbohydrate. 

plasmolysis when a cell is in a hypertonic environment, the cell will lose water to its surroundings, shrink, and its plasma membrane will pull away from the wall 

gated channels A protein channel in a cell membrane that opens or closes in response to a particular stimulus. 

Osmotic Pressure the external pressure that must be applied to stop osmosis

Animal Cell Vocabulary Animal Cell Model Diagram Project Parts Structure Labeled Coloring and Plant Cell Organelles Cake